By Joy Mwema
The prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) in Kenya is experiencing a notable decline, with only one out of seven girls reported to have undergone the practice. According to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) 2022, approximately 15% of girls have been subjected to FGM. This figure represents a substantial decrease compared to 21% in 2014 and a staggering 38% in 1998.
This encouraging trend is attributed to the substantial investment in programmatic policies and legal measures to eradicate the practice. The concerted efforts towards FGM elimination have yielded positive results in curbing its prevalence.
FGM remains highly concentrated in the North Eastern region and certain ethnic groups. Traditionally, many cases are performed by traditional practitioners, except in the Kisii community, where health personnel are responsible for two-thirds of the instances.
The World Health Organization has highlighted various health risks associated with FGM, including excessive bleeding, infections resulting from contaminated instruments during the healing period, urinary problems due to tissue swelling, mental health issues, HIV and AIDS transmission, childbirth complications, and menstrual problems. In severe cases, FGM can lead to death due to excessive blood loss and severe pain.
Kenya has set a commendable target to end FGM by 2030, necessitating intensified efforts to achieve this goal. The significance of eradicating FGM goes beyond its immediate impact on girls and women, as it also holds substantial economic benefits and contributes directly to the nation's development, positively influencing generations from birth to adulthood.
To succeed, stakeholders, including national and county governments, the UN, and partners must work together. The involvement of male cultural, religious, and political leaders as stakeholders in the national action plan to end FGM is of utmost importance.
To combat FGM effectively, the government of Kenya has implemented crucial legislative bans on FGM and child abuse. These include the Female Genital Mutilation Act of 2011 and the Children's Act of 2022.
The declining rate of FGM in Kenya underscores the positive impact of concerted efforts and policies targeting this harmful practice. While considerable progress has been made, further dedication, collaboration, and awareness are necessary to achieve the nation's goal of eradicating FGM by 2030. By continuing to prioritize the well-being and rights of young girls and women, Kenya can pave the way for a more equitable and prosperous future for all
